AUA 2024: Evaluation of Response to 177Lu-PSMA-617 by Site Specific Disease in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer

(UroToday.com) The 2024 American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Meeting held in San Antonio, TX was host to an advanced prostate cancer moderated poster session. Dr. Ahmed Mahmoud presented the results of a study evaluating response to 177Lu-PSMA-617 by site-specific disease in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer.

In 2022, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 177Lu-PSMAfor the treatment of PSMA-positive mCRPC patients who have been treated with an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor and taxane-based chemotherapy.1 Since then, multiple studies have evaluated responses to 177Lu-PSMA; however, few studies have described response based on site of disease progression. In this study, the investigators sought to evaluate the response to 177Lu-PSMA by the site of metastatic spread.

They conducted a retrospective analysis of 273 patients who received treatment with 177Lu-PSMA at The Mayo Clinic between April 2022 and September 2023. Of these 273 patients, they identified 76 (28%) who presented with either bone-only or lymph node-only disease. Patient-level clinicopathological variables, follow-up imaging, and clinical outcomes data were abstracted for all patients. Univariable comparisons were performed using the Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.

These 76 patients were classified into one of two groups according to the site of metastatic disease: pure bone disease (n=52; 68%) and pure nodal disease (n=24; 32%). Patients in the bone group had higher Gleason Scores (p=0.019) and PSA levels (p=0.16) prior to the start of 177Lu-PSMA therapy.

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At a median follow-up of 10.2 (IQR: 8.6–11.5) months from the first 177Lu-PSMA cycle, the post-treatment PSA kinetics did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, patients with nodal disease demonstrated a durable response in terms of decreased post-treatment SUVmax of metastatic lesions (p=0.0299) and a lower rate of radiographic disease progression (p=0.0011), compared with the bone group.

Dr. Mahmoud concluded that patients with lymph node-only disease treated with 177Lu-PSMA had a durable response compared to those with bone-only disease. Further prospective studies are needed to validate the findings from this study.

Presented by: Ahmed Mahmoud, MD, Research Fellow, Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Written by: Rashid Sayyid, MD, MSc – Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO) Clinical Fellow at The University of Toronto, @rksayyid on Twitter during the 2024 American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, Fri, May 3 – Mon, May 6, 2024. 

References:

  1. FDA D.I.S.C.O.: Burst Edition: FDA approval of Pluvicto (lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan) for the treatment of adult patients with prostate-specific membrane antigen-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who have been treated with androgen receptor pathway inhibition and taxane-based chemotherapy. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-disco-burst-edition-fda-approval-pluvicto-lutetium-lu-177-vipivotide-tetraxetan-treatment-adult. Accessed on May 6, 2024.