(UroToday.com) The treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer plenary session at the European Association of Urology 2021 virtual annual meeting included a presentation by Dr. Karim Fizazi on personalized medicine for mHSPC. Dr. Fizazi notes that the concept of giving the right treatment to the right patient is mostly based on molecular analyses.
Perhaps one of the best examples of personalized medicine in advanced prostate cancer is the PROfound trial.1 This study recruited men with mCRPC who had progressed on previous abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide administered at the time of non-metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer or at the time of metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer. The FoundationOne CDx assay was used to identify alterations in one of 15 pre-specified genes involved in homologous recombination repair (BRCA 1/2, ATM, BRIP1, BARD1, CDK12, CHEK 1/2, FANCL, PALB2, PPP2R2A, RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, RAD54L). Cohort A had alterations in BRCA1, BRCA2, or ATM while Cohort B had alterations in any of the other 15 included genes. In both cohorts, patients were randomized 2:1 to Olaparib vs. abiraterone or enzalutamide. Among 4,425 patients who were screened, 387 of these patients met the eligibility criteria and were randomized. In an assessment of the primary outcome, there was significantly improved progression-free survival in Cohort A patients with mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2, or ATM (HR 0.34, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.47).
![CAPItello-281.png](/images/CAPItello-281.png)
This study is aiming to recruit 1,000 de novo mHSPC patients with PTEN loss confirmed centrally. An important stratification factor will be a combination of volume of disease according to CHAARTED criteria and the presence of visceral metastases.
PSMA is also a target for imaging and treatment, which is a transmembrane protein often highly expressed by prostate cancer cells. Additionally, it is not expressed in most normal tissues (except for salivary glands), and expression correlates with advanced disease. 177Lu-PSMA-617 has recently been notable for targeted radioligand therapy, most recently with the publication of the VISION trial2 showing a survival benefit of 177Lu-PSMA-617 compared to standard of care among patients with mCRPC (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.52-0.74):
As follows are the planned phase 3 trials of 177Lu-PSMA-617 in earlier prostate cancer disease settings, including the PSMAddition trial in mHSPC:
![Lu-PSMA2.png](/images/Lu-PSMA2.png)
Dr. Fizazi concluded his presentation with the following take-home messages:
- There has been major progress in the treatment of mHSPC over the last five years
- Still, most men with mHSPC will die from mCRPC
- Only radiotherapy to the prostate is currently the only “personalized” approach for low-burden mHSPC
- There are several appealing targets available:
- PSMA positive: Lu-PSMA in the PSMAddition trial
- DNA repair: PARP inhibitors
- PTEN loss: capivasertib
Presented by: Karim Fizazi, MD, PhD, Institut Gustave Roussy, Universite Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
Written by: Zachary Klaassen, MD, MSc – Urologic Oncologist, Assistant Professor of Urology, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University/Medical College of Georgia, @zklaassen_md on Twitter during the 2021 European Association of Urology, EAU 2021- Virtual Meeting, July 8-12, 2021.
References:
- de Bono J, Mateo J, Fizazi K, et al. Olaparib for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med 2020 May 28;382(22):2091-2102.
- Sartor O, de Bono J, Chi KN et al. Lutetium-177-PSMA-617 for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jun 23 [Epub ahead of print].