WCE 2018: Effect of Highly-Aligned Nanoscale Surface Structures on Microbial Adhesion

Paris, France (UroToday.com) Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are one of the most common nosocomial infections and a highly prevalent complication following catheter placement. This may be due to the idea that the surface of catheters provides an environment that is highly susceptible to bacterial and fungi adhesion and biofilm formation. Therefore, it is possible that changing the topography of the catheter surface with a polymeric nanofiber-textured material and introducing an anti-adhesion biochemical coating may increase the cell total free energy and discourage pathogen cell attachment, which could lead to fewer CAUTIs.

Dr. Shahait et al. developed nanofiber coatings of varied diameter and spacing using Spinneret-based tunable engineered parameters (STEP) technique. Microbial cell adhesion density was measured using colony counting, fluorescent microscopy, and image processing. Specific pathogens that were studied include Escheria Coli and Candida Albicans, two commonly pathogens implicated in CAUTIs.

The authors found that microbial attachment density for C. Albicans was significantly lower (up to 70% reduction) when a polymeric nanofiber coating was applied to the catheter surface. However, the same reduction in bacterial attachment was not seen for E. Coli. Instead, only after applying an anti-adhesion biochemical coating were significant decreases in bacterial attachment seen (80% reduction). Dr. Shahait hypothesized that these results were due to the difference in cell diameter size between C. Albicans and E Coli, 4 μm vs. 1 μm, respectively. Therefore, E. Coli cell adhesion may not as easily be interrupted by nanofiber coatings and thus, more efforts at reducing fiber spacing of this technology may be a logical next step for future research on this topic.

Presented by: Mohammed Shahait, MD, Fellow, Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Co-Authors: Yiying Wang, MA, Graduate Student, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, Carolyn Mottley, Zhou Ye, Amrinder Nain, Bahareh Behkam, Blacksburg, Virginia,  Timothy Averch, MD, FACS, Blacksburg, Virginia 

Written by: Max Towe, medical writer for UroToday.com at the 36th World Congress of Endourology (WCE) and SWL - September 20-23, 2018 Paris, France