Defining the kidney stone composition is important for determining a treatment plan, understanding etiology and preventing recurrence of nephrolithiasis, which is considered as a common, civilization disease and a serious worldwide medical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of multicomponent kidney stones. The identification methods such as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron microscopy with the EDX detector were presented. The studies by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were also carried out for better understanding of their chemical structure. The chemical mapping by the FTIR microscopy was performed to show the distribution of individual chemical compounds that constitute the building blocks of kidney stones. The use of modern research methods with a particular emphasis on the spectroscopic methods allowed for a thorough examination of the subject of nephrolithiasis.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2023 Aug 16*** epublish ***
Weronika Sofińska-Chmiel, Marta Goliszek, Marek Drewniak, Aldona Nowicka, Marcin Kuśmierz, Agnieszka Adamczuk, Paulina Malinowska, Ryszard Maciejewski, Małgorzata Tatarczak-Michalewska, Eliza Blicharska
Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University, Maria Curie Skłodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland., Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland., Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4 Str., 20-090 Lublin, Poland., Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.