The science of penile erection, including recent advances in its molecular physiology and neuroanatomic pathways, is described. The pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction is presented, acknowledging associated disease states, and accordingly follows a practical classification scheme: vasculogenic, neurogenic, endocrine, and psychogenic.
The Urologic clinics of North America. 2021 Nov [Epub]
Susan M MacDonald, Arthur L Burnett
Division of Urology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Mail Code H055, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. Electronic address: ., James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Marburg 407, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.