Infertility, which is defined as the inability to conceive after at least 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourses, affects about 15-20% of couples worldwide and a male factor is involved in about half of the cases. The development of assisted reproductive technology (ART) made it possible to conceive also to individuals affected from severe oligospermia or azoospermia. However, the impact of the male factor on embryo development, implantation, prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and clinical and obstetric outcomes is still controversial.
This narrative review examines the indications, minimum access criteria, and outcomes by individual ART technique in relation to the male factor.
Journal of endocrinological investigation. 2023 Jan 12 [Epub ahead of print]
R Mazzilli, C Rucci, A Vaiarelli, D Cimadomo, F M Ubaldi, C Foresta, A Ferlin
Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Di Grottarossa, 1036-1039, 00100, Rome, Italy. ., GeneraLife IVF, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy., Department of Medicine, Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.