Numerous recent studies have examined the impact epigenetics-including DNA methylation-has on spermatogenesis and male infertility. Differential methylation of several genes has been linked to compromised spermatogenesis and/or reproductive failure. Specifically, male infertility has been frequently associated with DNA methylation abnormalities of MEST and H19 inside imprinted genes and MTHFR within non-imprinted genes. Microbial infections mainly result in male infertility because of the immune response triggered by the bacteria' accumulation of immune cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and chemokines. Thus, bacterially produced epigenetic dysregulations may impact host cell function, supporting host defense or enabling pathogen persistence. So, it is possible to think of pathogenic bacteria as potential epimutagens that can alter the epigenome. It has been demonstrated that dysregulated levels of LncRNA correlate with motility and sperm count in ejaculated spermatozoa from infertile males. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the relationship between decreased reproductive capacity and sperm DNA methylation status should aid in creating new diagnostic instruments for this condition. To fully understand the mechanisms influencing sperm methylation and how they relate to male infertility, more research is required.
Journal of reproductive immunology. 2024 Jun 04 [Epub ahead of print]
Chou-Yi Hsu, Saade Abdalkareem Jasim, Harikumar Pallathadka, Ashwani Kumar, Karina Konnova, Maytham T Qasim, Mahmood Hasen Shuhata Alubiady, Atreyi Pramanik, Ahmed Muzahem Al-Ani, Munther Kadhim Abosaoda
Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan., Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Maarif University College, Anbar, Iraq. Electronic address: ., Manipur International University, Imphal, Manipur, India., Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India., Assistant of the Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia., College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq., Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad 10011, Iraq., School of Applied and Life Sciences, Divison of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India., Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq., College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.