INTRODUCTION: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a prevalent, chronic pelvic pain condition largely unresponsive to medical interventions.
Psychosocial risk factors are associated with poor outcomes in CP/CPPS, but have not been examined for their intervening roles between pain and reduced quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to determine if psychosocial risk factors (i.e., patient coping and catastrophizing) mediate the association between pain and QoL.
METHODS: Using a cross sectional design, 175 men with CP/CPPS (mean age 46.83; SD 10.86) were recruited from tertiary care urology clinics and completed questionnaires on demographics, pain, QoL, pain coping, depression, and catastrophizing. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted and aggregate factor scores were examined to improve the amount of meaningful measurement to be used in multiple mediations. The models specified multiple risk factors as mechanisms between pain and both physical and mental QoL as the primary outcome measurements.
RESULTS: Four aggregate psychosocial factor scores were produced from the psychosocial measures (i.e., illness and wellness-focused behavioural coping, depression and catastrophizing). Illness-focused coping partially mediated the relationship between pain and physical QoL. However, catastrophizing and illness-focused coping fully mediated the relation between pain and mental QoL, showing the association between pain and mental QoL was no longer significant when catastrophizing and illness-focused coping were in the model.
CONCLUSION: Psychosocial factors function as mechanisms between higher pain and they are associated diminished mental QoL. These results introduce illness-focused coping as an important biopsychosocial target in CP/CPPS management.
Written by:
Krsmanovic A, Tripp DA, Nickel JC, Shoskes DA, Pontari M, Litwin M, McNaughton-Collins MF. Are you the author?
Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON; Psychology, Anesthesiology and Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON; Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland, Ohio; Urology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California; and Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Reference: Can Urol Assoc J. 2014 Nov;8(11-12):403-8.
doi: 10.5489/cuaj.2179
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 25553153