Efficacy of Fluoroquinolone/Probiotic Combination Therapy for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Children: A Retrospective Analysis

PURPOSE - Children with normal urinary tract anatomy and function and highly recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) may have a lack of alternatives when antibiotic prophylaxis and "watchful waiting" approaches fail. This retrospective review reports the outcomes in children who received a fluoroquinolone/probiotic combination in an attempt to quantify a reduction in rUTI that was perceived by both clinicians and patients' families.

METHODS - Data from all children with rUTIs previously managed with a fluoroquinolone/probiotic combination at the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic at Duke University Medical Center (Durham, North Carolina) were identified and analyzed.

FINDINGS - Data from 10 children were eligible for inclusion. Compared with before therapy initiation, total UTI episodes were significantly fewer after therapy initiation (57 vs 4; P = 0.0001). Seven (70%) were free of rUTIs during the follow-up period. Of the 8 patients with known compliance, 7 (88%) were free of rUTIs.

IMPLICATIONS - Given the chronic nature of these patients' symptoms, the significant decrease in UTI after the initiation of therapy, and the increase in the interval without an infection and/or its symptoms, this treatment regimen has the potential to improve overall quality of life, decrease antibiotic courses, and decrease health care costs in children with rUTI. These results will be validated with a larger cohort of patients in a prospective, randomized trial.

Clin Ther. 2015 Jul 29. pii: S0149-2918(15)00928-5. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.06.018. [Epub ahead of print]

Madden-Fuentes RJ1, Arshad M2, Ross SS3, Seed PC4.

1 Division of Urologic Surgery and the Departments of.
2 Pediatrics.
3 Department of Urology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
4 Division of Urologic Surgery and the Departments of; Pediatrics; Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.