Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has been used off-label in the United States for over a decade in the pediatric population. Many published studies have demonstrated efficacy with SNM in this population, however, a significant number of children with refractory bowel bladder dysfunction (BBD) also have underlying co-morbidities.
Children with certain spinal abnormalities pose a problem for the urologist treating BBD. Patients with caudal regression can have various sacral anomalies making SNM challenging or impossible. We present the first case in the United States of pudendal neuromodulation (PNM) in a pediatric BBD patient with caudal regression.
Urology. 2016 Mar 28 [Epub ahead of print]
M S Schober, C B Ching, K M Peters, S A Alpert
Department of Urology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan. Section of Pediatric Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Urology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio., Department of Urology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan., Section of Pediatric Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Urology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.