OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors in interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) without urinary tract infection or benign prostate hyperplasia in China.
METHODS: A total of 954 outpatients with LUTS presenting for care to urology clinics at 8 hospitals throughout China from November 20, 2008 to August 24, 2012 were surveyed with a standardized questionnaire and validated outcome measures. The definitions for IC/PBS based on the O'Leary-Sant interstitial cystitis symptom and problem indices were used. The possible risk factors was analyzed with the Fisher's exact and Pearson chi-square tests. And multivariate predictive models were developed with binary Logistic regression methods.
RESULTS: There were 491 females and 463 males. And 44.7% (427/954) met the criteria for IC/PBS. There was significant gender difference (51.7% (254/491) vs 37.4% (173/463), P < 0.05) . After adjusting for confounding factors, bladder pain was significantly associated with stimulatory foods (OR: 81.16, 95%CI: 11.50-590.00, P = 0.001) and anorectal disease (OR: 54.90, 95%CI: 9.52-401.00, P = 0.001) in females. Caffeine beverage intake (OR: 4.29, 95%CI: 1.86-9.86, P = 0.001) was the only modifiable association according to multivariate analysis of males.
CONCLUSIONS: Stimulatory foods, anorectal disease and caffeine beverages are potential risk factors for IC/PBS.Further studies are necessary to determine their roles in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
Written by:
He Q, Yang Y, Xia M, Zhang N, Wu S, Xiao Y, Li G, Zhan S, Liu L, Xiao H, Zhao J. Are you the author?
Department of Urological Surgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
Reference: Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2014 Feb 14;94(6):428-32.
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 24754986
Article in Chinese.
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