The prevalence and risk factors of nocturia in China, South Korea, and Taiwan: results from a cross-sectional, population-based study

To examine the prevalence, symptomatology, and risk factors for nocturia using data from an internet-based questionnaire conducted in China, South Korea, and Taiwan.

Data from a cross-sectional, population-representative, internet-based study conducted among men and women aged ≥ 40 years were analysed post hoc. Nocturia prevalence and bother were analysed by sex and age group, and with regard to comorbid conditions and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Multivariate and univariate logistic regression models to identify risk factors for nocturia were constructed, with nocturia involving ≥ 2 nocturnal voids as the dependent variable.

Among the 8284 participants, the prevalence of nocturia involving ≥ 1, ≥ 2, or ≥ 3 voids was slightly higher for women (76.1, 37.3, and 17.5%, respectively) compared with men (74.0, 34.5, and 15.5%, respectively). The prevalence and associated bother of nocturia increased with age. Greater proportions of patients with comorbid conditions or wet/more severe overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) experienced nocturia than those without. Multivariate analysis identified that female sex, age > 60 years, diabetes, cardiac disease, body mass index, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) voiding score, stress urinary incontinence, wet OAB, and Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety score were associated with ≥ 2 nocturnal voids. Hypertension was associated with ≥ 2 nocturnal voids in women but not men, and alcohol consumption in men but not women.

Nocturia is a common and bothersome condition affecting a large proportion of men and women aged ≥ 40 years in China, South Korea, and Taiwan. Factors associated with nocturia included age, sex, comorbid conditions, and LUTS.

This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02618421.

World journal of urology. 2018 May 23 [Epub ahead of print]

Po-Ming Chow, Shih-Ping Liu, Yao-Chi Chuang, Kyu-Sung Lee, Tag Keun Yoo, Limin Liao, Jian-Ye Wang, Ming Liu, Budiwan Sumarsono, Jar Jar Jong

Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan., Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan. ., Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea., Department of Urology, Eulji General Hospital, Seoul, South Korea., Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China., Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China., Astellas Pharma Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore, Singapore.