This review article summarizes the current clinical practice guidelines around disease definitions and risk stratifications, and the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Recently completed and ongoing clinical trials of novel and investigational therapies in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-naïve, BCG-recurrent, and BCG-unresponsive patient populations are also described, e.
g., those involving immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, other chemotherapy regimens, vaccines, and viral- or bacterial-based treatments. Finally, a brief overview of enhanced cystoscopy and drug delivery systems for the diagnosis and treatment of NMIBC is provided.
A global shortage of access to BCG is affecting the management of BCG-naïve and BCG-recurrent/unresponsive NMIBC; hence, there is an urgent need to assist patients and urologists to enhance the treatment of this disease.
Searches of ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, and Google Scholar were conducted. Published guidance and conference proceedings from major congresses were reviewed.
Treatment strategies for NMIBC are generally consistent across guidelines. Several novel therapies have demonstrated promising antitumor activity in clinical trials, including in high-risk or BCG-unresponsive disease. The detection, diagnosis, surveillance, and treatment of NMIBC have also been improved through enhanced disease detection.
Urologic oncology. 2021 Jun 21 [Epub ahead of print]
Neal D Shore, Joan Palou Redorta, Gregoire Robert, Thomas E Hutson, Rossano Cesari, Subramanian Hariharan, Óscar Rodríguez Faba, Alberto Briganti, Gary D Steinberg
Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA., Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Department of Urology, CHU Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France., Texas Oncology, Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA., Pfizer Oncology, Milan, Italy., Pfizer Oncology, New York, NY, USA., Department of Urology, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy., Perlmutter Cancer Center, an NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center Goldstein Bladder Cancer Program, NYU Langone Health, NYU Urology Associates, New York University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: .
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34167873