Microseminoprotein-beta (MSMB, MSMB) is an abundant secretory protein contributed by the prostate, and is implicated as a prostate cancer (PC) biomarker based on observations of its lower expression in cancerous cells compared with benign prostate epithelium.
However, as the current literature on MSMB is inconsistent, we assessed the expression of MSMB at the protein and mRNA levels in a comprehensive set of different clinical stages of PC. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against MSMB was used to study protein expression in tissue specimens representing prostatectomies (n = 261) and in diagnostic needle biopsies from patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (n = 100), and in locally recurrent castration-resistant PC (CRPC) (n = 105) and CRPC metastases (n = 113). The transcript levels of MSMB, nuclear receptor co-activator 4 (NCOA4) and MSMB-NCOA4 fusion were examined by qRT-PCR in prostatectomy samples and by RNA-sequencing in benign prostatic hyperplasia, PC, and CRPC samples. We also measured serum MSMB levels and genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphism rs10993994 using DNA from the blood of 369 PC patients and 903 controls. MSMB expression in PC (29% of prostatectomies and 21% of needle biopsies) was more frequent than in CRPC (9% of locally recurrent CRPCs and 9% of CRPC metastases) (p<0.0001). Detection of MSMB protein was inversely correlated with the Gleason score in prostatectomy specimens (p = 0.024). The read-through MSMB-NCOA4 transcript was detected at very low levels in PC. MSMB levels in serum were similar in cases of PC and controls but were significantly associated with PC risk when adjusted for age at diagnosis and levels of free or total PSA (p<0.001). Serum levels of MSMB in both PC patients and controls were significantly associated with the rs10993994 genotype (p<0.0001). In conclusion, decreased expression of MSMB parallels the clinical progression of PC and adjusted serum MSMB levels are associated with PC risk.
PloS one. 2016 Mar 03*** epublish ***
Liisa Sjöblom, Outi Saramäki, Matti Annala, Katri Leinonen, Janika Nättinen, Teemu Tolonen, Tiina Wahlfors, Matti Nykter, G Steven Bova, Johanna Schleutker, Teuvo L J Tammela, Hans Lilja, Tapio Visakorpi
Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Prostate Cancer Research Center, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology (BioMediTech), University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.