The microbiota is defined as the microorganisms in a particular environment. Conversely, the term microbiome is less firmly defined and is used to reference the habitat.
To identify the association between the microbiome and the penile cancer EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We performed this scoping review according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. We found five articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We focused on oncogenesis and factors that alter the penile microbiome. We were not limited to language or setting. We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and LILACS from inception to the present day.
We found nine studies describing multiple factors that could disturb the microbiome, such as sexual behavior, anatomic alterations including circumcision, and inflammatory factors: lichen sclerosus, poor genital hygiene, compromised immune system, smoking, and HPV infection.
Overall, knowledge of the composition of the penile microbiota and its role in penile cancer oncogenesis is minimal.
Future studies should focus on the relationship between the microbiome and penile cancer to broaden this field of knowledge.
Actas urologicas espanolas. 2024 May 09 [Epub ahead of print]
H A García-Perdomo, V Granados-Duque, P E Spiess
UROGIV Grupo de investigación en urología. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Departmento de Cirugía General/Sección de Urología. Escuela de Medicina. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia. Electronic address: ., UROGIV Grupo de investigación en urología. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia., Departmento de Oncología Genitourinaria, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, Estados Unidos; Departmento de Oncología Genitourinaria y Biología del Cáncer, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, Estados Unidos; Urología y Oncología, Universidad de South Florida, Tampa, FL, Estados Unidos.