The purpose of this study was to assess whether the incidence of histopathologically confirmed condyloma and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) and rates of genital HPV infection progression to these lesions differs by country (Brazil, Mexico, and the U. S.). At each visit, lesions were biopsied and were categorized by pathologic diagnoses. The Linear Array genotyping method was used to identify HPV genotypes from genital swabs, while the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra method was used for tissue specimens. Age-specific analyses were conducted for lesion incidence by country, with Kaplan-Meier estimation of cumulative incidence. The proportion of HPV infections that progressed to condyloma and PeIN, the median time to lesion development, and the incidence rates were estimated by country. When comparing demographic and sexual characteristics across the three countries, sexual orientation (p=0.008) and lifetime number of female sexual partners (p<0.0001) were differentially associated with lesion incidence in the three countries. Condyloma incidence in Brazil and the U.S. decreased with age, while incidence remained constant across the lifespan in Mexico. There were no differences by country and age for PeIN incidence. HPV types 6 and 11 were the most common types to progress to condyloma, and HPV types 16, 6, and 11 were the most common types to progress to PeIN in all three countries. The continuous risk of condyloma and PeIN across all age groups and countries in this study emphasizes the need to ensure that strong HPV immunity, such as that obtained through vaccination, is maintained across the lifespan of men. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
International journal of cancer. 2016 Sep 28 [Epub ahead of print]
Staci L Sudenga, B Nelson Torres, William J Fulp, Roberto Silva, Luisa L Villa, Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce, Donna J Ingles, Mark Stoler, Jane L Messina, Martha Abrahamsen, Maria Luiza Baggio, Jorge Salmeron, Manuel Quiterio, Anna R Giuliano
Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA., Centro de Referencia de Treinamento em DST e Aids, São Paulo, Brazil., Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México., University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA.