Diet is a known source of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, and inflammatory markers have been associated with mechanisms involved in prostate cancer initiation and progression. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) is a tool to assist researchers in determining the inflammatory potential of diet. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the association between DII and prostate cancer.
EMBASE and MEDLINE were searched from inception to February 2018, for relevant observational studies. The random effects model was used to calculate the overall relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Data from five case-control and one cohort study were eligible for inclusion. The adjusted pooled RR of prostate cancer for the highest (the most pro-inflammatory diet) versus lowest (the most anti-inflammatory diet) DII categories was 1.74 (95% CI: 1.24-2.43). The analysis in the DII score as a continuous variable was also performed and the results showed that the risk of prostate cancer was 9% higher for each one-point increase in the score.
This meta-analysis suggests that promoting diets rich in anti-inflammatory food components (i.e., whole grains, fish, green vegetables, and fruits) should help in reducing preventing prostate cancer.
Nutrition and cancer. 2018 Oct 01 [Epub ahead of print]
Reza Mohseni, Soheil Abbasi, Fatemeh Mohseni, Fateme Rahimi, Shahab Alizadeh
a Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics , Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) , Tehran , Iran., b Faculty of Public Health , Kermanshah University of Medical Science (KUMS) , Kermanshah , Iran., c School of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak , Iran., d Department of Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics , Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) , Tehran , Iran.