Enzalutamide significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS) among men with chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer at the prespecified interim analysis of PREVAIL, a phase 3, double-blind, randomized study.
We evaluated the longer-term efficacy and safety of enzalutamide up to the prespecified number of deaths in the final analysis, which included an additional 20 mo of follow-up for investigator-assessed rPFS, 9 mo of follow-up for OS, and 4 mo of follow-up for safety. Enzalutamide reduced the risk of radiographic progression or death by 68% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-0.37; p<0.0001) and the risk of death by 23% (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67-0.88; p=0.0002). Median investigator-assessed rPFS was 20.0 mo (95% CI 18.9-22.1) in the enzalutamide arm and 5.4 mo (95% CI 4.1-5.6) in the placebo arm. Median OS was 35.3 mo (95% CI 32.2-not yet reached) in the enzalutamide arm and 31.3 mo (95% CI 28.8-34.2) in the placebo arm. At the time of the OS analysis, 167 patients in the placebo arm had crossed over to receive enzalutamide. The most common adverse events in the enzalutamide arm were fatigue, back pain, constipation, and arthralgia. This final analysis of PREVAIL provides more complete assessment of the clinical benefit of enzalutamide. PREVAIL is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01212991.
According to data from longer follow-up, enzalutamide continued to provide benefit over placebo in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
European urology. 2016 Jul 28 [Epub]
Tomasz M Beer, Andrew J Armstrong, Dana Rathkopf, Yohann Loriot, Cora N Sternberg, Celestia S Higano, Peter Iversen, Christopher P Evans, Choung-Soo Kim, Go Kimura, Kurt Miller, Fred Saad, Anders S Bjartell, Michael Borre, Peter Mulders, Teuvo L Tammela, Teresa Parli, Suha Sari, Steve van Os, Ad Theeuwes, Bertrand Tombal
Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. Electronic address: ., Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA., Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France., San Camillo and Forlanini Hospitals, Rome, Italy., University of Washington, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA., Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark., UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA., Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea., Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan., Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany., University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada., Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden., Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark., Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland., Medivation, San Francisco, CA, USA., Astellas Pharma Europe, Leiden, The Netherlands., Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.