Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT is increasingly used in patients with biochemical recurrence post prostatectomy to detect local recurrence and metastatic disease at low PSA levels. The aim of this study was to assess patterns of disease detection, predictive factors and safety using [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT versus diagnostic CT in patients being considered for salvage radiotherapy with biochemical recurrence post prostatectomy.
We conducted a prospective trial recruiting 100 patients with detectable PSA post prostatectomy (PSA 0.2-2.0 ng/mL) and referred for salvage radiotherapy from August 2018 to July 2020. All patients underwent a PSMA PET/CT using the [18F]DCFPyL tracer and a diagnostic CT. The detection rates of [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT vs diagnostic CT were compared and patterns of disease are reported. Clinical patient and tumour characteristics were analysed for predictive utility. Thirty-day post-scan safety is reported.
Of 100 patients recruited, 98 were suitable for analysis with a median PSA of 0.32 ng/mL. [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT was positive 46.4% and equivocal 5.2%, compared to 15.5% positivity for diagnostic CT. Local recurrence was detected on [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT in 28.5%, nodal disease in 27.5% and bony metastases in 6.1% of patients. Both ISUP grade group (p < 0.001) and pre-scan PSA (p = 0.029) were significant predictors of [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT positivity, and logistic regression generated probabilities combining the two showed improved prediction rates. No significant safety events were reported post [18F]DCFPyL administration.
[18F]DCFPyL PET/CT increases detection of disease in patients with biochemical recurrence post prostatectomy compared to diagnostic CT. Patients being considered for salvage radiotherapy with a PSA >0.2 ng/mL should be considered for [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT scan.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number: ACTRN12618001530213 ( http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375932&isReview=true ).
European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. 2021 Apr 14 [Epub ahead of print]
Samantha Koschel, Kim Taubman, Thomas Sutherland, Kelvin Yap, Michael Chao, Mario Guerrieri, Angela Benson, Michelle Starmans, Graeme Byrne, Grace Ong, Craig Macleod, Marcus Foo, Lih Ming Wong, Dennis Gyomber, Michael Ng
GenesisCare Cancer Care Research, Melbourne, Australia., Department of Nuclear Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia., Department of Medical Imaging, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia., GenesisCare, Ringwood, Australia., GenesisCare, Footscray, Australia., La Trobe University Statistics Consultancy Platform, Melbourne, Australia., GenesisCare, Shepparton, Australia., GenesisCare, Albury, Australia., GenesisCare, Berwick, Australia., Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia., Department of Urology, Northern Hospital, Epping, Australia., GenesisCare, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. .
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33852051