Existing epidemiological evidence regarding the potential role of (poly)phenol intake in prostate cancer (PCa) risk is scarce and, in the case of flavonoids, it has been suggested that their intake may increase PCa risk. We investigated the associations between the intake of the total and individual classes and subclasses of (poly)phenols and the risk of PCa, including clinically relevant subtypes. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort included 131,425 adult men from seven European countries. (Poly)phenol intake at baseline was assessed by combining validated center/country-specific dietary questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In total, 6939 incident PCa cases (including 3501 low-grade and 710 high-grade, 2446 localized and 1268 advanced, and 914 fatal Pca cases) were identified during a mean follow-up of 14 years. No associations were observed between the total intake of (poly)phenols and the risk of PCa, either overall (HRlog2 = 0.99, 95% CI 0.94-1.04) or according to PCa subtype. Null associations were also found between all classes (phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans, and stilbenes) and subclasses of (poly)phenol intake and the risk of PCa, overall and according to PCa subtype. The results of the current large prospective cohort study do not support any association between (poly)phenol intake and PCa incidence.
Cancers. 2023 Aug 11*** epublish ***
Enrique Almanza-Aguilera, Daniel Guiñón-Fort, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Miriam Martínez-Huélamo, Cristina Andrés-Lacueva, Anne Tjønneland, Anne Kirstine Eriksen, Verena Katzke, Rashmita Bajracharya, Matthias B Schulze, Giovanna Masala, Andreina Oliverio, Rosario Tumino, Luca Manfredi, Cristina Lasheras, Marta Crous-Bou, Maria-José Sánchez, Pilar Amiano, Sandra M Colorado-Yohar, Marcela Guevara, Emily Sonestedt, Anders Bjartell, Elin Thysell, Elisabete Weiderpass, Dagfinn Aune, Elom K Aglago, Ruth C Travis, Raul Zamora-Ros
Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain., Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK., Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Food Innovation Network (XIA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain., Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark., Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany., Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany., Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network-ISPRO, 50139 Florence, Italy., Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy., Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research (AIRE-ONLUS), 97100 Ragusa, Italy., Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy., Functional Biology Department, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain., Granada Cancer Registry, Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain., Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain., Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 214 28 Malmö, Sweden., Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden., Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden., International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 69372 Lyon, France., Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.