Existing data on the impact of Hispanic ethnicity on outcomes for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is mixed. The authors investigated outcomes of Hispanic and non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients with advanced RCC receiving systemic therapy at large academic cancer centers using the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database (IMDC).
Eligible patients included non-Black Hispanic and NHW patients with locally advanced or metastatic RCC initiating systemic therapy. Overall survival (OS) and time to first-line treatment failure (TTF) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The effect of ethnicity on OS and TTF were estimated by Cox regression hazard ratios (HRs).
A total of 1563 patients (181 Hispanic and 1382 NHW) (mostly males [73.8%] with clear cell RCC [81.5%] treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor [TKI] monotherapy [69.9%]) were included. IMDC risk groups were similar between groups. Hispanic patients were younger at initial diagnosis (median 57 vs. 59 years, p = .015) and less likely to have greater than one metastatic site (60.8% vs. 76.8%, p < .001) or bone metastases (23.8% vs. 33.4%, p = .009). Median OS and TTF was 38.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.1-59.2) versus 35.7 months (95% CI, 31.9-39.2) and 7.8 months (95% CI, 6.2-9.0) versus 7.5 months (95% CI, 6.9-8.1), respectively, in Hispanic versus NHW patients. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, no statistically significant differences were observed in OS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% CI, 0.86-1.31, p = .56) or TTF (adjusted HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.89-1.26, p = .50).
The authors did not observe statistically significant differences in OS or TTF between Hispanic and NHW patients with advanced RCC. Receiving treatment at tertiary cancer centers may mitigate observed disparities in cancer outcomes.
Cancer. 2024 Jan 31 [Epub ahead of print]
Kripa Guram, Jiaming Huang, Christian Mouchati, Nour Abdallah, Chinmay Jani, Vishal Navani, Wanling Xie, Talal El Zarif, Elio Adib, Georges Gebrael, Neeraj Agarwal, Haoran Li, Chris Labaki, Muhieddine Labban, Jose Manuel Ruiz Morales, Toni K Choueiri, Daniel Yick Chin Heng, Abhenil Mittal, Aaron R Hansen, Brent S Rose, Rana R McKay
University of California, San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, USA., Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA., Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA., Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada., Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Department of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA., Hospital Medica Sur, Mexico City, Mexico., Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.