We previously reported that outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) were similar among non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, and Hispanic White Veterans Affairs (VA) patients. However, prostate cancer (PC) mortality in Puerto Rican Hispanics (PRH) may be higher than in other Hispanic groups. Data focused on PRH patients is sparse; thus, we tested the association between PR ethnicity and outcomes after RP.
Analysis included men in SEARCH cohort who underwent RP (1988-2020, n = 8311). PRH patients (n = 642) were treated at the PR VA, and outcomes were compared to patients treated in the Continental US regardless of race. Logistic regression was used to test the associations between PRH and PC aggressiveness, adjusting for demographic and clinicopathological features. Multivariable Cox models were used to investigate PRH versus Continental differences in biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastases, castration-resistant PC (CRPC), and PC-specific mortality (PCSM).
Compared to Continental patients, PRH patients had lower adjusted odds of pathological grade group ≥2 (p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001), and positive margins (p < 0.001). In contrast, PRH patients had higher odds of extracapsular extension (p < 0.001). In Cox models, PRH patients had a higher risk for BCR (HR = 1.27, p < 0.001), metastases (HR = 1.49, p = 0.014), CRPC (HR = 1.80, p = 0.001), and PCSM (HR = 1.74, p = 0.011). Further adjustment for extracapsular extension and other pathological variables strengthened these findings.
In an equal access setting, PRH RP patients generally had better pathological features, but despite this, they had significantly worse post-treatment outcomes than men from the Continental US, regardless of race. The reasons for the poorer prognosis among PRH men require further research.
Cancer medicine. 2024 Feb [Epub]
Lourdes Guerrios-Rivera, Jessica L Janes, Amanda M De Hoedt, Zachary Klaassen, Martha K Terris, Matthew R Cooperberg, Christopher L Amling, Christopher J Kane, William J Aronson, Jay H Fowke, Stephen J Freedland
Urology Section, Surgery Department, Veterans Administration Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, Puerto Rico., Section of Urology, Division of Surgery, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University - Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA., Department of Urology, Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF Helen, San Francisco, California, USA., Department of Urology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, Oregon, USA., Department of Urology, UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, California, USA., Department of Urology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA., Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.