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Gender-Based Disparity Exists in the Surgical Experience of Female and Male Urology Residents

Objective
To determine if a discrepancy exists in the number and type of cases logged between female and male urology residents.

Materials and Methods
ACGME case log data from 13 urology residency programs was collected from 2007 to 2020. The number and type of cases for each resident were recorded and correlated with resident gender and year of graduation. The median, 25th, and 75th percentiles number of cases were calculated by gender and then compared between female and male residents using Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results
A total of 473 residents were included in the study, 100 (21%) were female. Female residents completed significantly fewer cases, 2174, compared to male residents, 2273 (P = .038). Analysis by case type revealed male residents completed significantly more general urology (526 vs 571, P = .011) and oncology cases (261 vs 280, P = .026). Additionally, female residents had a 1.3-fold increased odds of logging a case in the assistant role than male residents (95% confidence interval: 1.27-1.34, P < .001).

Conclusion
Gender-based disparity exists within the urology training of female and male residents. Male residents logged nearly 100 more cases than female residents over 4 years, with significant differences in certain case subtypes and resident roles. The ACGME works to provide an equal training environment for all residents. Addressing this finding within individual training programs is critical.
Kathryn A Marchetti,1 Charles A Ferreri,2 Emma C Bethel,3 Bori Lesser-Lee,4 Stephanie Daignault-Newton,5 Suzanne Merrill,6 Gina M Badalato,7 Elizabeth T Brown,8 Thomas Guzzo,9 R Houston Thompson,10 Adam Klausner,11 Richard Lee,12 Dipen J Parekh,13 Jay D Raman,14 Adam Reese,15 Patrick Shenot,16 Daniel H Williams,17 Stanley Zaslau,18 Kate H Kraft5

  1. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Urology, Pittsburgh, PA.
  2. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Urology, Nashville, TN.
  3. University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Chapel Hill, NC.
  4. University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
  5. University of Michigan Health System, Department of Urology, Ann Arbor, MI.
  6. United Urology Group, Aurora, CO.
  7. Columbia University, Department of Urology, New York, NY.
  8. MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Urology, Washington, DC.
  9. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Urology, Philadelphia, PA.
  10. Mayo Clinic Rochester, Department of Urology, Rochester, MN.
  11. Virginia Commonwealth University, Division of Urology, Richmond, VA.
  12. Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Urology, New York, NY.
  13. University of Miami Health System, Department of Urology, Miami, FL.
  14. Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Urology, Hershey, PA.
  15. Temple University, Department of Urology, Philadelphia, PA.
  16. Jefferson Health, Department of Urology, Philadelphia, PA.
  17. University of Wisconsin, Department of Urology, Madison, WI.
  18. West Virginia University School of Medicine Urology, Morgantown, WV.
Source: Gender-Based Disparity Exists in the Surgical Experience of Female and Male Urology Residents