This summary describes the results from the TALAPRO-2 research study (also known as a clinical trial). The TALAPRO-2 study tested the combination of two medicines called talazoparib plus enzalutamide. This combination of medicines was used as the first treatment for adult patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The combination of talazoparib plus enzalutamide was compared with a placebo plus enzalutamide.
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the prostate and has spread to other parts of the body. Castration-resistant means that the cancer continues to grow even when testosterone levels in the blood are reduced to very low levels. Taking medicines to lower testosterone levels in the blood is a standard treatment for men with advanced prostate cancer.
TALAPRO-2 looked at if combining talazoparib plus enzalutamide would increase the length of time patients lived before their cancer got worse or they died compared with a placebo plus enzalutamide. Researchers looked at how treatment affected the size and number of tumors and the length of time before patients needed to change to a new cancer medicine. Researchers also looked at any side effects patients had during the study.
A total of 805 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer took part in the study. Compared with patients who took a placebo plus enzalutamide, the group of patients who took talazoparib plus enzalutamide had a 37% reduced risk of their cancer getting worse or dying. Some patients had tumors that at the start of the study could be measured with scans. Sixty-two percent of patients who took talazoparib plus enzalutamide had their tumors decrease or shrink to the point that they could no longer be seen on scans versus 44% of patients who took a placebo plus enzalutamide. Patients who took talazoparib plus enzalutamide were more likely to have a longer time before they needed to change to a new cancer medicine. The most common side effects of talazoparib plus enzalutamide were low levels of red blood cells (66% of patients) and neutrophils (36% of patients), and excessive tiredness or exhaustion (34% of patients).Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03395197 (TALAPRO-2) (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Future oncology (London, England). 2024 Jul 12 [Epub ahead of print]
Neeraj Agarwal, Arun A Azad, Joan Carles, Andre P Fay, Nobuaki Matsubara, Daniel Heinrich, Cezary Szczylik, Ugo De Giorgi, Jae Young Joung, Peter C C Fong, Eric Voog, Robert J Jones, Neal D Shore, Curtis Dunshee, Stefanie Zschäbitz, Jan Oldenburg, Xun Lin, Cynthia G Healy, Nicola Di Santo, Fabian Zohren, Karim Fizazi
Huntsman Cancer Institute (NCI-CCC), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA., Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain., PUCRS School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil., National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan., Innlandet Hospital Trust, Gjovik, Norway., Department of Oncology European Health Center, Otwock, Poland, & Postgraduate Medical Education Center, Warsaw, Poland., IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) Dino Amadori, Meldola, Italy., National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea., Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand, & University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Clinique Victor Hugo Centre Jean Bernard, Le Mans, France., School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK., Carolina Urologic Research Center, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA., Arizona Urology Specialists, Tucson, AZ, USA., National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany., Akershus University Hospital (Ahus), Lorenskog, Norway., Pfizer Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA., Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, PA, USA., Formerly of Pfizer Inc., Durham, NC, USA., Formerly of Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA., Institut Gustave Roussy, University of Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.