Every year, prostate cancer is diagnosed in millions of men. The androgen receptor's (AR) unchecked activation is crucial in causing the development and progression of prostate cancer. Second-generation anti-androgen therapies, which primarily focus on targeting the Ligand Binding Domain (LBD) of AR, are effective for most patients. However, the adverse effects pose significant challenges in managing the disease. Furthermore, genetic mutations or the emergence of AR splice variants create an even more complex tumor environment, fostering resistance to these treatments. Natural compounds and their analogs, while showing a lower toxicity profile and a potential for selective AR splice variants inhibition, are constrained by their bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Nonetheless, recent breakthroughs in using natural derivatives to target AR and its splice variants have shown promise in treating chemoresistant castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This review will discuss the role of AR variants, particularly androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7), in CRPC and investigate the latest findings on how natural compounds and their derivatives target AR and AR splice variants.
Pharmacology & therapeutics. 2024 Nov 02 [Epub ahead of print]
Ashish Tyagi, Balaji Chandrasekaran, Vaibhav Shukla, Neha Tyagi, Arun K Sharma, Chendil Damodaran
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, United States., Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, United States., Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, United States. Electronic address: .