Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Mitoxantrone plus prednisone and ixabepilone each have modest activity as monotherapy for second-line chemotherapy in patients with docetaxel-refractory castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clinical noncross- resistance was previously observed. Phase 1 testing determined the maximum tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicities with the combination regimen; a phase 2 study was conducted to evaluate the activity of the combination.
Patients with metastatic progressive castration-resistant prostate cancer during or after 3 or more cycles of taxane-based chemotherapy enrolled in a phase 2 multicenter study of ixabepilone 35 mg/m(2) and mitoxantrone 12 mg/m(2) administered on Day 1 every 21 days with pegfilgrastim support, along with prednisone 5 mg twice daily. Patients were evaluated for disease response and toxicity.
Results are reported for the 56 evaluable patients. Twenty-five (45%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 31%-59%) experienced confirmed ≥50% prostate-specific antigen (PSA) declines, 33 (59%; 95% CI, 45%-72%) experienced confirmed ≥30% PSA declines, and 8 of 36 patients (22%; 95% CI, 10%-39%) with measurable disease experienced objective responses. Median time to PSA or objective progression was 4.4 months (95% CI, 3.5-5.6), and median progression-free survival was also 4.4 months (95% CI, 3.0-6.0). Median overall survival was 12.5 months (95% CI, 10.2-15.9). Thirty-two percent of patients experienced grade 3 of 4 neutropenia, and 11% experienced grade 3 or higher neutropenic infections, including 1 treatment-related death. Grade 2 and 3 neuropathy occurred in 11% and 12.5% of patients, respectively.
These results suggest that the combination of ixabepilone and mitoxantrone is both feasible and active in castration-resistant prostate cancer and requires dosing with pegfilgrastim.
Written by:
Harzstark AL, Rosenberg JE, Weinberg VK, Sharib J, Ryan CJ, Smith DC, Pagliaro LC, Beer TM, Liu G, Small EJ.
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Reference: Cancer. 2010 Dec 29. Epub ahead of print.
doi: 10.1002/cncr.25810
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 21192058
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