Medicine, Uro-Oncology Research, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8750 Beverly Boulevard, Atrium 103, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, United States.
Prostate tumor cells frequently show the features of osteoblasts, which are differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. We examined human prostate cancer cell lines and clinical prostate cancer specimens for additional bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell properties.
Prostate cancer cell lines were induced for osteoblastogenic and adipogenic differentiation, detected by standard staining methods and confirmed by lineage-specific marker expression. Abnormal expression of the markers was then assessed in clinical prostate cancer specimens.
After osteoblastogenic induction, cells of the LNCaP lineage, PC-3 lineage and DU145 displayed osteoblastic features. Upon adipogenic induction, PC-3 lineage and DU145 cells differentiated into adipocyte-like cells. The adipocyte-like cancer cells expressed brown adipocyte-specific markers, suggesting differentiation along the brown adipocyte lineage. The adipogenic differentiation was accompanied by growth inhibition, and most of the adipocyte-like cancer cells were committed to apoptotic death. During cyclic treatments with adipogenic differentiation medium and then with control medium, the cancer cells could commit to repeated adipogenic differentiation and retrodifferentiation. In clinical prostate cancer specimens, the expression of UCP1, a brown fat-specific marker, was enhanced with the level of expression correlated to disease progression from primary to bone metastatic cancers.
This study thus revealed that prostate cancer cells harbor the stem cell properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The abnormally expressed adipogenic UCP1 protein may serve as a unique marker, while adipogenic induction can be explored as a differentiation therapy for prostate cancer progression and bone metastasis.
Written by:
Zhau HE, He H, Wang CY, Zayzafoon M, Morrissey CM, Vessella RL, Marshall FF, Chung LW, Wang R.
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Reference: Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Feb 25. Epub ahead of print.
doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2523
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 21355075
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