The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio makes the Heng risk model improve better the prediction of overall survival in metastatic renal cell cancer patients

The aim of this study was to predict the discriminating prognostic power of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and to make a new model using the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

From 2007 to 2014, 190 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with either systemic immunotherapy or/and vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy were enroled. A multivariable proportional hazard model was developed to investigate the effects of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as predictive prognostic factors for overall survival. This new model was incorporated into the current Heng risk model to validate a modified prognostic classification for overall survival.

In multivariable analysis, a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.65] was a significant independent predictor of shorter overall survival (P = 0.005). Additional neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio markers improved the discriminating power of the Heng risk classification, as compared to the existing classification model (C-statistic: 0.7198 vs. 0.6943, P = 0.008). The reclassification of patient prognostic categories using the new model showed a total overall net improvement of 61.4% (P < 0.001).

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was a significant prognostic factor of overall survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with systemic therapy. Adding the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to the Heng model significantly improved the discriminatory power of risk prediction in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Japanese journal of clinical oncology. 2018 Jul 20 [Epub ahead of print]

Sung Han Kim, Whi-An Kwon, Sohee Kim, Jae Young Joung, Ho Kyung Seo, Kang Hyun Lee, Jinsoo Chung

Department of Urology, Center for Prostate Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea., Biometrics Research Branch, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.