The treatment landscape for metastatic renal cell carcinoma has constantly been in flux. In 2005, with the advent of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, the standard of care shifted to agents such as sunitinib and pazopanib. However, more recently there have been datasets, suggesting that next-generation TKIs such as cabozantinib may play an important role in therapy. Furthermore, immunotherapy has had resurgence with the FDA approval of nivolumab with ipilimumab. In the current chapter, we attempt to contextualize available frontline therapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with a focus on the CABOSUN and CheckMate 214 clinical trials.
Cancer treatment and research. 2018 Jan [Epub]
Paulo Bergerot, Kathy Burns, Dhruv Prajapati, Rachel Fox, Meghan Salgia, Sumanta K Pal
Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA., Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA. .