Chromosomal instability and aberrations are known in many cancers including renal cell carcinoma. Detailed understanding of these changes has led to an improved drug discovery and continued developments in other therapeutic options. Chromosomal aberrations have a potential to be used to monitor disease including prognostication. There has been a growing experience in cytogenetic techniques and gap between clinic and laboratory has narrowed significantly in the recent past. Nevertheless, more work on validation of these techniques, establishing threshold and interobserver agreement needs to be carried out for these diagnostic/prognostic tests before utilizing them in clinics as a part of "personalized medicine" care. The review presented here is a summary of common genetic disorders in renal cancer and some of acquired genetic changes which can be used as biomarkers. The review also describes basics of commonly used genetic techniques for wider clinical community involved in the management of renal cancer.
Urology annals. 0000 Jan [Epub]
Muhammad Bilal Quddus, Norman Pratt, Ghulam Nabi
Department of Urology, Academic Urology Unit, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, UK., Department of Urology, Clinical Genetic Unit, Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee, Scotland, UK.