To analyze the intratumoral immunohistochemical expression of renin and its value as a prognostic factor for recurrence in nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
A total of 498 patients with nonmetastatic ccRCC from the Latin American Renal Cancer Group database who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy between 1990 and 2016 were selected. All cases were revised, and 2 distinct samples were obtained for tissue microarray construction. Ten years of follow-up was assessed, and disease-free survival rates (DFS) were analyzed. Renin expression was classified qualitatively as negative or positive. For the quantitative analysis, a cutoff was estimated using the maximum of the standardized log-rank statistic.
Nuclear renin was qualitatively positive in 360 cases (72%) and negative in 138 (28%), whereas quantitatively, an equal number of cases had ≤35% or >35% renin-positive nuclei. The absence of renin expression was associated with high-grade tumors (by ISUP and Fuhrman classification, both P < 0.001), greater microscopic venous invasion (P = 0.046), and renal vein invasion (P = 0.026). In the multivariate analyses, qualitatively negative renin expression was an unfavorable prognostic factor for DFS (RR = 2.923, P < 0.001). With regard to quantitative renin expression, a cutoff of ≤35 was associated with worse DFS (RR = 4.085, P < 0.001).
The intratumoral immunohistochemical expression of renin in patients with ccRCC provides valuable prognostic data regarding the likelihood of recurrence.
Urologic oncology. 2019 Aug 28 [Epub ahead of print]
Felipe de Almeida E Paula, Stephania Martins Bezerra, Isabela Werneck da Cunha, Guilherme Consentino Munhoz, Diego Abreu, Primo Nery Lara, Walter Henriques da Costa, Stênio de Cássio Zéqui
Department of Pelvic Surgery, Division of Urology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Urology, Presidente Prudente Cancer Hospital, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: ., Department of Anatomic Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Department of Anatomic Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Department of Pelvic Surgery, Division of Urology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Department of Urology, Pasteur Hospital, Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay., University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America., Department of Pelvic Surgery, Division of Urology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.