Radiotherapy is living a second life in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) patients, mainly due to the introduction of immunocheckpoint inhibitors, such as anti-Programmed-death (PD)-1, alone or in combination with anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen (CTLA)-4. Several trials are investigating the efficacy/safety of immunocheckpoint inhibitors in sequential or combined strategies with radiotherapy. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells therapy as a promising approach in cancer patients has opened the way to novel possibilities of integrating therapies. The identification of biomarkers of tumor response to these combinations represents a challenge in RCC, together with the research for the best partner for immunotherapy in metastatic patients. In this review we illustrated preclinical/clinical data on the integration of radiotherapy with immunocheckpoint inhibitors or CAR-T cells in RCC.
Current drug targets. 2019 Oct 17 [Epub ahead of print]
Matteo Santoni, Daniel Yc Heng, Gaetano Aurilio, Andrea Iozzelli, Lucilla Servi, Andrea Fabiani, Massimo Giannini, Roberta Mazzucchelli, Alessia Cimadamore, Marina Scarpelli, Mohamed S Zaghloul, Nicola Battelli, Rodolfo Montironi
Department of Oncology, Macerata Hospital, Macerata. Italy., Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary. Italy., Medical Division of Urogenital and Head & Neck Cancer, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS. Italy., Department of Radiology, Macerata Hospital, Macerata. Italy., Department of Urology, Macerata Hospital, Macerata. Italy., Department of UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Macerata Hospital, Macerata. Italy., Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), United Hospitals. Italy., Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona. Italy., Department of Radiotherapy, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University & Children`s Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE). Italy.