We investigated the relationship between germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) and Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A), and their gene-environment and gene-gene interactions, and clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) risk. Furthermore, we assessed the relationship between VHL SNPs and VHL promoter methylation. Three VHL polymorphisms and one HIF1A polymorphism were genotyped in the Netherlands Cohort Study. In 1986, 120,852 participants aged 55-69 completed a self-administered questionnaire on diet and lifestyle and toenail clippings were collected. Toenail DNA was genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. After 20.3 years, 3004 subcohort members and 406 RCC cases, of which 263 ccRCC cases, were eligible for multivariate case-cohort analyses. VHL_rs779805 was associated with RCC (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.53; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.07-2.17) and ccRCC risk (HR 1.88; 95% CI 1.25-2.81). No associations were found for other SNPs. Potential gene-environment interactions were found between alcohol consumption and selected SNPs. However, none remained statistically significant after multiple comparison correction. No gene-gene interactions were observed between VHL and HIF1A. VHL promoter methylation was not associated with VHL SNPs. VHL SNPs may increase (cc)RCC susceptibility. No associations were found between gene-environment and gene-gene interactions and (cc)RCC risk and between VHL promoter methylation and VHL SNPs.
Scientific reports. 2020 Jan 10*** epublish ***
Jeroen A A van de Pol, Piet A van den Brandt, Manon van Engeland, Roger W L Godschalk, Frederik-Jan van Schooten, Janneke G F Hogervorst, Leo J Schouten
Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. ., Department of Epidemiology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands., Department of Pathology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands., Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands., Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.