To assess contemporary 30-day mortality rates after partial and radical nephrectomy in USA, and to develop a predictive model of 30-day mortality.
We relied on the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to predict 30-day mortality. A nomogram was built based on the coefficients of the logit function. Internal validation was carried out using the leave-one-out cross-validation. Calibration was graphically investigated.
A total of 102 146 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy (n = 36 425; 35.7%) or radical nephrectomy (n = 65 721; 64.3%) between 2005 and 2015 were included in the analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 62 years. A total of 11 921 (11.7%) patients were African American. The clinical stage was T1-T2 in 79 452 (77.8%), T3 in 16 141 (15.8%) and T4/T1-4-M1 in 6553 (6.4%) patients. Overall, 497 deaths occurred during the initial 30 days after nephrectomy (0.49% 30-day mortality rate). Stratified by type of surgery, the 30-day mortality rate was 0.16% for partial nephrectomy and 0.67% for radical nephrectomy. At univariate analyses, age, tumor size, stage and surgical procedure emerged as predictors of 30-day mortality (all P < 0.001). All of these covariates were included in the multivariable logistic regression model. The area under the curve after leave-one-out cross-validation was 0.808 (95% confidence interval 0.788-0.828), and the model showed good calibration in the range of predicted probability <10%.
Contemporary rates of 30-day mortality in patients undergoing radical or partial nephrectomy are very low. Age and tumor stage are key determinants of 30-day mortality. We present a predictive model that provides individual probabilities of 30-day mortality after nephrectomy, and it can be used for patient counseling prior surgery.
International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association. 2020 Dec 14 [Epub ahead of print]
Ugo Giovanni Falagario, Alessandro Veccia, Luigi Cormio, Claudio Simeone, Umberto Carbonara, Fabio Crocerossa, Alessandro Antonelli, Francesco Porpiglia, Giuseppe Carrieri, Riccardo Autorino
Division of Urology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, Virginia, USA., Urology and Renal Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy., Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy., Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy., Division of Urology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Turin, Italy.