To determine the optimal post-operative risk stratification system associated with survival following surgery for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC): tumour grade, tumour stage, Leibovich 2003, Leibovich 2018, Kattan, Stage, size, grade and necrosis (SSIGN) or UCLA Integrated Staging System (UISS) scores.
542 patients with non-metastatic ccRCC who underwent nephrectomy 2008-2018 were reviewed. Primary outcome was recurrence-free survival (RFS), with secondary outcomes cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).
All systems were significantly associated with RFS, CSS and OS by Kaplan-Meier and unadjusted Cox-regression. ROC analysis identified that Leibovich 2003, Leibovich 2018A or B and SSIGN were optimally association with 5year RFS (AUC (Area under curve) 0.87, 0.86, 0.86 and 0.86), but Leibovich 2003 or 2018A offered additional information on adjusted regression analysis (HR 1.24, P = 0.02; HR 1.17, P = 0.04). ROC analysis identified that Leibovich 2018B, Leibovich 2003, SSIGN and UISS were equally associated with 5 year OS (AUC 0.76, 0.74, 0.73 and 0.72). UISS added additional explanation of the variance in OS on adjusted regression analysis (HR 1.96, P = 0.002). A novel combination of Leibovich 2003 score and Eastern Co-operative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status improved 5 year OS association compared to the Leibovich 2003 alone (AUC 0.78, P = 0.001), without affecting association with 5year RFS (AUC 0.87, P = 0.75).
All systems were robust tools associated with RFS, CSS and OS in ccRCC. In our cohort, the Leibovich 2003 and Leibovich 2018A scores may be better associated with RFS compared to other strategies. The UISS, Leibovich 2018B or Leibovich 2003 combined with ECOG performance status may stratify OS better than other modalities.
Urologic oncology. 2021 May 19 [Epub ahead of print]
James P Blackmur, Fortis Gaba, Dilini Fernando, Sam Williams, Marie O'Donnell, Alan McNeill, Grant D Stewart, Steve Leung, Alexander Laird
Urology Department, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh. Electronic address: ., University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh., Urology Department, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh; Accident and Emergency Department, St Thomas' Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust., Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh., Urology Department, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh., Urology Department, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh; Department of Urology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge., Urology Department, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh.