To test the value of preoperative and postoperative cystatin C (CysC) as a predictor on kidney function after partial (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with normal preoperative renal function.
From 01/2011 to 12/2014, 195 consecutive RCC patients with a preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 60 ml/min/1.73m2 underwent surgical RCC treatment with either PN or RN. Logistic and linear regression models tested for the effect of CysC as a predictor of new-onset chronic kidney disease in follow-up (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2). Moreover, postoperative CysC and creatinine values were compared for kidney function estimation.
Of 195 patients, 129 (66.2%) underwent PN. In postoperative and in follow-up setting (median 14 months, IQR 10-20), rates of eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 were 55.9 and 30.2%. In multivariable logistic regression models, preoperative CysC [odds ratio (OR): 18.3] and RN (OR: 13.5) were independent predictors for a reduced eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 in follow-up (both p < 0.01), while creatinine was not. In multivariable linear regression models, a difference of the preoperative CysC level of 0.1 mg/dl estimated an eGFR decline in follow-up of about 5.8 ml/min/1.73m2. Finally, we observed a plateau of postoperative creatinine values in the range of 1.2-1.3 mg/dl, when graphically depicted vs. postoperative CysC values ('creatinine blind area').
Preoperative CysC predicts renal function impairment following RCC surgery. Furthermore, CysC might be superior to creatinine for renal function monitoring in the early postoperative setting.
International urology and nephrology. 2021 Jul 16 [Epub ahead of print]
Mike Wenzel, Hang Yu, Annemarie Uhlig, Christoph Würnschimmel, Manuel Wallbach, Andreas Becker, Margit Fisch, Felix K H Chun, Christian P Meyer, Marianne Leitsmann
Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. ., Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., Department of Urology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada., Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany., Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.