To systematically review studies focused on screening programs for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and provide an exhaustive overview on their clinical impact, potential benefits, and harms.
A systematic review of the recent English-language literature was conducted according to the European Association of Urology guidelines and the PRISMA statement recommendations (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021283136) using the MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.
gov databases. Risk-of-bias assessment was performed according to the QUality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool.
Overall, nine studies and one clinical trials were included. Eight studies reported results from RCC screening programs involving a total of 159 136 patients and four studies reported screening cost-analysis. The prevalence of RCC ranged between 0.02 and 0.22% and it was associated with the socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects; selection of the target population decreased, overall, the screening cost per diagnosis.
Despite an increasing interest in RCC screening programs from patients and clinicians there is a relative lack of studies reporting the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and the optimal modality for RCC screening. Targeting high-risk individuals and/or combining detection of RCC with other health checks represent pragmatic options to improve the cost-effectiveness and reduce the potential harms of RCC screening.
World journal of urology. 2022 Apr 01 [Epub ahead of print]
Pietro Diana, Tobias Klatte, Daniele Amparore, Riccardo Bertolo, Umberto Carbonara, Selcuk Erdem, Alexandre Ingels, Onder Kara, Laura Marandino, Michele Marchioni, Stijn Muselaers, Nicola Pavan, Angela Pecoraro, Alessio Pecoraro, Eduard Roussel, Riccardo Campi, European Association of Urology (EAU) Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Renal Cancer group
Department of Urology, Fundació Puigvert, Autonoma University of Barcelona, Cartagena 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Spain. ., Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Division of Urology, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy., European Association of Urology (EAU) Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Renal Cancer Working Group, Arnhem, The Netherlands., Unit of Urological Robotic Surgery and Renal Transplantation, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., European Association of Urology (EAU) Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Renal Cancer Working Group, Arnhem, The Netherlands. .
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3536274