The aim of this article was to compare different surgical approaches to perform nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) in terms of preservation of renal function.
We critically reviewed the literature from January 2000 to December 2020 including studies comparing different surgical techniques.
A total of 51 studies met the inclusion criteria. Functional outcomes were evalutated in terms of percentual change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and impaired renal function (IRF) on scintigraphy. In cases with a mean age <60 years, the mean decrease in eGFR after NSS was 11.7% and that of IRF 10.0%, whereas higher changes were found in cases with a mean age ≥60 years. For open NSS, the mean eGFR and IRF changes were 15.3% and 21.1%, respectively; using the laparoscopic approach, the mean percentual eGFR and IRF changes were 13.9% and 11.1%, respectively; in robotic cases, the mean eGFR and IRF changes were 10.8% and 13.1%, respectively. In cases performed with global ischemia, the mean eGFR and IRF changes were 12.7% and 15.1%, respectively. Similar results were found distinguishing ischemia time ≤20 and >20 minutes, whereas using the off-clamp technique the mean decreases in eGFR and IRF were only 4.2% and 6%, respectively.
Patients' age, tumor size, off-clamp technique, and robot-assisted approach were significant independent predictive factors able to influence renal function changes after NSS. A lower reduction of eGFR and IRF after NSS was reported in patients aged <60 years, submitted to a robot-assisted procedure, and using selective and cold ischemia <20 minutes or an off-clamp technique.
Central European journal of urology. 2022 Jan 12 [Epub]
Giovanni Di Lascio, Alessandro Sciarra, Francesco Del Giudice, Stefano Salciccia, Gian Maria Busetto, Ettore De Berardinis, Gian Piero Ricciuti, Daniele Castellani, Giacomo Maria Pirola, Martina Maggi, Alessandro Gentilucci, Susanna Cattarino, Gianna Mariotti, Paolo Casale, Giovanni Battista Di Pierro
Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, Sapienza Rome University, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy., Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, Foggia, Italy., Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Le Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy., Department of Urology, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy., Department of Urology, Humanitas Hospital, Milano, Italy.