To quantify differences in five-year overall survival (OS) between clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma (ccmRCC) patients and age- and sex-matched population-based controls, especially when race/ethnicity is considered.
We relied on the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (2006-2016) to identify newly diagnosed (2006- 2011) ccmRCC patients of either Caucasian, Hispanic, African American or Asian/Pacific Islander race/ethnicity. For each case, we simulated an age- and sex-matched control (Monte Carlo simulation), relying on Social Security Administration Life Tables with five-year follow-up. We compared OS between ccmRCC patients and controls. Multivariable Cox regression models tested for race/ethnicity effect on OS.
Of 3067 ccmRCC patients, 2167 (71%) were Caucasians vs. 488 (16%) Hispanics vs. 216 (7%) African Americans and 196 (6%) Asians/Pacific Islanders. At five years, OS difference between ccmRCC patients vs. population-based controls was greatest in African Americans (11 vs. 94%, Δ=84%), followed by Hispanics (16 vs. 94%, Δ=77%), Caucasians (16 vs. 89%, Δ= 73%) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (19 vs. 88%, Δ=70%). In multivariable Cox regression models, African Americans exhibited highest Hazard Ratio for death (HR 1.3, p=0.003).
Relative to Life Tables' derived age- and sex-matched controls, ccmRCC patients exhibit drastically worse OS, especially African Americans.
Annals of epidemiology. 2023 Jan 11 [Epub ahead of print]
Cristina Cano Garcia, Nancy Nimer, Mattia Luca Piccinelli, Stefano Tappero, Andrea Panunzio, Francesco Barletta, Reha-Baris Incesu, Zhe Tian, Fred Saad, Anil Kapoor, Alberto Briganti, Carlo Terrone, Shahrokh F Shariat, Derya Tilki, Alessandro Antonelli, Ottavio De Cobelli, Luis A Kluth, Andreas Becker, Felix K H Chun, Pierre I Karakiewicz
Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Urology, Germany. Electronic address: ., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., Division of Urology, McMaster Institute of Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada., Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy., Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy., Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA; Hourani Center of Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan., Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey., Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona., Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy., Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Urology, Germany.