Durable response to nivolumab rechallenge in a patient with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

While immune checkpoint inhibitors represent the mainstream treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma, a standardized approach following immune checkpoint inhibitors remains unclear. We report a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab rechallenge.

A 60-year-old male with metastatic melanoma was referred to the urology division due to right renal cancer. He was undergoing nivolumab treatment for metastatic melanoma. Radical nephrectomy revealed clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pT3a. Two months post-surgery, multiple metastases were identified. Despite subsequent administration of interferon-α, axitinib, and temsirolimus, the metastases progressed. Consequently, nivolumab rechallenge and palliative radiotherapy were initiated, resulting in a durable response for 20 months. However, disease progression occurred, and he died of cancer 4 years after nephrectomy.

This is the first report of nivolumab rechallenge in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Although the utility remains unclear, this case suggests that some patients may benefit from nivolumab rechallenge.

IJU case reports. 2024 Apr 08*** epublish ***

Motohiro Fujiwara, Wataru Shimada, Minato Yokoyama, Anri Koyanagi, Hiroshi Shintaku, Shohei Fukuda, Yuma Waseda, Hajime Tanaka, Soichiro Yoshida, Yasuhisa Fujii

Department of Urology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan., Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan., Division of Surgical Pathology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital Tokyo Japan.