Challenges and Considerations in Modern Adjuvant Therapy Trials in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Call to Power.

Identification of effective adjuvant therapies for renal cell carcinoma remains challenging despite the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Enhancement of the design of trials of adjuvant therapy by focusing on populations with the highest risk and increasing the sample size is essential for reliable assessments of therapeutic efficacy.

European urology. 2024 Oct 28 [Epub ahead of print]

Daniel D Shapiro, Pavlos Msaouel

Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Division of Urology, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address: ., Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.