Testicular cancer is the most common solid cancer diagnosed among young men. Despite good response to chemotherapy and a high survival rate, subsequent salvage therapies may still be required for some patients in advanced stages. The predictive and prognostic markers are crucial unmet needs.
We retrospectively analyzed advanced testicular cancer patients who had received first-line chemotherapy between January 2002 and December 2020. The associations between baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes were evaluated.
Of the 68 included patients, the median age was 29 years. Among them, 40 patients received only first-line chemotherapy while the remaining 28 received subsequent chemotherapy or surgeries. Data reveals that 82.5% (33/40) of the patients in the chemotherapy only group were recorded as a good prognostic risk using the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group classification when compared with 35.7% (10/28) in the second-line therapy group. In the chemotherapy only group, 53.8% of patients were presented with lymph node metastasis compared with 78.6% in the second-line therapy group (p=0.068). Fifteen (15%) percent of patients (6 of 40) were recorded as S stage 2-3 in the chemotherapy only group, whereas 85.2% (23 of 28) were recorded as such in the second-line therapy group (p<0.001). The five-year overall survival estimation was 92.9% in the chemotherapy only group and 77.3% in the second-line therapy group. Univariate analysis for overall survival revealed that those patients at the S 2-3 stage and those receiving second-line therapies showed a trend of having an increased death risk (HR=8.26, 95% CI 0.99-68.67, p=0.051; HR=7.76, 95% CI 0.93-64.99, p=0.059, respectively). The S 2-3 stage was also independently associated with the risk of subsequent therapy (HR = 33.13; 95% CI 2.55 to 430.64, p = 0.007).
Our real-world data show the predictive role of serum tumor marker stage 2-3 to be associated with any subsequent therapies after first-line chemotherapy. This can facilitate clinical decision making during the testicular cancer treatment process.
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA. 2023 May 16 [Epub ahead of print]
Tsung-Han Yen, Shian-Shiang Wang, Cheng-Kuang Yang, Kevin Lu, Chuan-Shu Chen, Chen-Li Cheng, Sheng-Chun Hung, Kun-Yuan Chiu, Chun Pen Chen, Chi-Rei Yang, Jian-Ri Li
Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC., Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC., Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.