Testicular cancer is common in young men, and early detection and multimodality treatment can lead to successful outcomes. This study aims to identify sociodemographic and risk factors associated with higher testicular cancer mortality and poorer survival rates, while examining the impact of diagnostic and treatment procedures on reducing mortality. The retrospective ecological study analyzed mortality data from testicular cancer in Brazil from 2001 to 2020. Sociodemographic variables such as marital status, age, birth period, year of death (cohort), race, and geographic region were assessed. Risk factors included cryptorchidism and pesticide exposure. Data were subjected to statistical analysis, which revealed an increasing trend in mortality after 2011 among persons born after 1976 in the 15-40 age group. Individuals in the South Region, whites, and singles had higher age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), while singles had lower survival rates. The Northeast region had a higher survival rate. Fungicides and insecticides increase ASMR in Brazil. Herbicides increase ASMR in the Northeast and Midwest regions and insecticides increase ASMR in the Northeast, Southeast, and Midwest regions. High rates of implementation of diagnostic procedures in the Midwest were not sufficient to reduce ASMR. No treatment procedure was associated with mortality at the national or regional level.
Cancers. 2023 Aug 17*** epublish ***
Ana Paula de Souza Franco, Eric Renato Lima Figueiredo, Giovana Salomão Melo, Josiel de Souza E Souza, Nelson Veiga Gonçalves, Fabiana de Campos Gomes, João Simão de Melo Neto
Urogenital System Clinical and Experimental Research Unit, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil., Laboratory of Epidemiology and Geoprocessing of Amazon, State University of Pará (UEPA), Belém 66113-010, PA, Brazil., Ceres Medical School (FACERES), São José do Rio Preto 15090-305, PA, Brazil.