Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet Score (HALP) is an accessible score that is easily reproducible from routine laboratory testing while also reflecting patients' immune-nutritional status. Along with other immuno-nutritional scores, such as the Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI), HALP has been associated with a number of clinical and pathological features. The goal of our study was to evaluate the prognostic utility of HALP and PNI scores in testicular germ cell cancer (GCT) patients.
This case-only study included 203 testicular GCT patients who were classified according to the disease stage and HALP and PNI cut-offs. Complete blood count and albumin concentration were routinely determined.
The values of HALP and PNI significantly differed among different clinical stages (p < 0.05). Moreover, they clearly exposed a significantly higher risk of advanced clinical stage development for those testicular GCT patients with lower values of HALP and PNI (p < 0.05). Finally, lower score levels were associated with larger tumor size (p < 0.05).
Our investigation could provide evidence that specific immune-nutritional scores can help distinguish individuals diagnosed with testicular GCT who are more likely to be identified with advanced disease stages.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland). 2024 Oct 01*** epublish ***
Uros Bumbasirevic, Milos Petrovic, Vesna Coric, Nikola Lisicic, David Obucina, Milica Zekovic, Bogomir Milojevic, Nenad Vasilic, Vladimir Vasic, Marko Zivkovic, Nebojsa Bojanic, Aleksandar Janicic
Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia., Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia., Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia., Department of Urology, University Medical Center Zvezdara, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.