BACKGROUND: Outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) compared to chemotherapy (CT) remain poorly defined for clinical stage (CS) IIA and IIB seminoma.
We aimed to evaluate the current role of the two treatment modalities in this setting of testicular seminoma.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis (MA) was performed to identify all evaluable studies. Search was limited to studies published after 1990 and included the Medline, Embase databases, and abstracts from ASCO (GU), ESMO, AUA, and ASTRO meetings up to 04/2014. Sensitivity analyses were applied including the following: CSIIA and CSIIB, paraortic+iliac RT only in both stages, RT dose (≥30 Gy vs < 30 Gy), and PEB/EP regimens only.
RESULTS: Thirteen studies have been selected for MA on relapse outcome. No randomized trials compared RT and CT. There were 4 prospective and 9 retrospective studies, with a total of 607 patients receiving RT and 283 patients CT. The pooled relapse rate (RR) was similar between the RT (0.11, 95%CI: 0.08-0.14, p for heterogeneity=0.096, I-square=38%) and CT groups (0.08, 95%CI: 0.01-0.15, p for heterogeneity < 0.001, I-square=82.5%). However, in the sensitivity analysis the pooled RR for RT in CSIIB was 0.12 (95%CI: 0.06-0.17) while it was 0.05 (95%CI: 0-0.11) for CT. Long-term side-effects and incidence of second cancers were more frequently reported following RT. The overall incidence of non-testicular second malignancies was 0.04 (95%CI: 0.01-0.02) in the RT group and 0.02 (95%CI: 0.003-0.04) in the CT group.
CONCLUSIONS: Although RT and CT appeared to be equal options in CSIIA and IIB seminoma, a trend in favour of CT for a lower incidence of side effects and relapse rate in CSIIB was found. This evidence is limited by the retrospective quality of studies and their small sample size.
Written by:
Giannatempo P, Greco T, Mariani L, Nicolai N, Tana S, Farè E, Raggi D, Piva L, Catanzaro M, Biasoni D, Torelli T, Stagni S, Avuzzi B, Maffezzini M, Landoni G, De Braud F, Gianni AM, Sonpavde G, Salvioni R, Necchi A. Are you the author?
Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Section of Medical Statistics and Biometry "Giulio A. Maccacaro", University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Clinical Epidemiology and Trials Organization Unit; Department of Surgery, Urology Unit; Department of Radiotherapy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; University of Alabama-UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, Alabama, USA.
Reference: Ann Oncol. 2014 Sep 11. pii: mdu447.
doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdu447
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 25214543