BACKGROUND:
MitoGel is a novel drug formulation intended for the treatment of upper tract urothelial cancer with proven feasibility and safety in an animal model.
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the feasibility, safety, toxicokinetics, and histologic changes associated with serial retrograde MitoGel instillations to the upper urinary tract in a swine model.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Overall, 27 Yorkshire swine underwent 6 once-weekly unilateral retrograde instillations of MitoGel. Doses of 14, 28, or 56-mg mitomycin C (respective concentrations of 2, 4, and 8mg/ml with 9 animals per group) were evaluated. Additionally, 6 animals received sterile water as a procedure control, and 9 received gel alone (without mitomycin C), as a vehicle control.
OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
Blood and urine samples were collected for determination of MMC toxicokinetics and for hematology, biochemistry, coagulation, and urinalysis throughout the study. Two-thirds of the cohort were euthanized 24 hours after final instillation, and one-third was euthanized 1 month after final instillation. Necropsy was performed to evaluate the histologic effects of treatments.
RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS:
All animals received all 6 doses of agents per protocol. No mortality, clinical adverse events, or meaningful changes in hematology, chemistry, coagulation, or urinalysis were attributable to MitoGel, RTGel alone, or water instillations. Peak plasma levels of MMC were 2 orders of magnitude less than known toxicity thresholds. MitoGel-related dose-dependent microscopic findings were seen in the treated kidneys and ureters, but were of limited severity, lacked associated clinical adverse findings, and decreased over time.
CONCLUSIONS:
Serial retrograde instillations of MitoGel to the pyelocaliceal system were technically feasible, and produced no observable adverse clinical, laboratory, or histologic effects
Urol Oncol. 2017 May;35(5):272-278. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.11.019. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
Donin NM1, Strauss-Ayali D2, Agmon-Gerstein Y2, Malchi N2, Lenis AT3, Holden S3, Pantuck AJ4, Belldegrun AS4, Chamie K4.
1 Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.
2 UroGen Pharma Ltd., Ra'anana, Israel.
3 Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.
4 Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.