SUMOylation Articles

Unlike the androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) to either reduce the androgen biosynthesis (for example, Abiraterone) or to prevent binding of androgen to the androgen receptor (AR) (for example, Casodex or Enzalutamide), that may result in the decreasing the prostate cancer (PCa) cell growth yet may also increasing the PCa cell invasion, the recently identified AR degradation enhancer ASC-J9® may function via degrading the AR protein to simultaneously suppress the PCa cell proliferation and invasion.

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 has been implicated in cancer development. However, resveratrol-induced nuclear accumulation of COX-2 enhances p53-dependent anti-proliferation in different types of cancers. Treatment with resveratrol leads to phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1/2), and accumulation of nuclear COX-2 to complex with pERK1/2 and p53.

Chronic inflammation is strongly associated with prostate cancer pathogenesis. Transducin β-like protein (TBL1) and Transducin β-like 1X-linked receptor 1 (TBLR1) have been identified recently as a coactivator for NF-κB-mediated transcription; however, the underlying mechanism by which TBL1 and TBLR1 activate NF-κB function during inflammation remains unknown.