Blue light cystoscopy (BLC) with hexaminolevulinate (HAL) during transurethral resection of bladder cancer improves detection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and reduces recurrence rates.
Flexible BLC was approved by the FDA in 2018 for use in the surveillance setting and was demonstrated to improve detection. Results of a phase III prospective multicentre study of blue light flexible cystoscopy (BLFC) in surveillance of intermediate-risk and high-risk NMIBC showed that 20.6% of malignancies were identified only by BLFC. Improved detection rates in the surveillance setting are anticipated to lead to improved clinical outcomes by reducing future recurrences and earlier identification of tumours that are unresponsive to therapy. Thus, BLFC has a role in surveillance cystoscopy, and determining which patients will benefit from BLFC and optimal and cost-effective ways of incorporating this technology into surveillance cystoscopy must be developed.
Nature reviews. Urology. 2019 Apr 24 [Epub ahead of print]
Yair Lotan, Trinity J Bivalacqua, Tracy Downs, William Huang, Jeffrey Jones, Ashish M Kamat, Badrinath Konety, Per-Uno Malmström, James McKiernan, Michael O'Donnell, Sanjay Patel, Kamal Pohar, Matthew Resnick, Alexander Sankin, Angela Smith, Gary Steinberg, Edouard Trabulsi, Michael Woods, Siamak Daneshmand
UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. ., James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA., Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA., Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Genitourinary Surgery Section, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA., Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA., Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Department of Urology, Institute of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Department of Urology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA., Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA., Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA., Department of Urology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA., Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TX, USA., Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, USA., Department of Urology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Department of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Department of Urology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Department of Urology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.