Background: Nurses are pivotal in supporting patients with urinary catheter self-management to prevent potentially avoidable hospital presentations. However, no validated scale is available to assess nurses' attitudes and readiness for this task.
Design: A quasi-experimental design was used to collect survey data both at baseline and after the completion of the intervention. A total of 128 participants were recruited from the Western Sydney region (New South Wales, Australia), who were working in community healthcare settings. Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap™) database was used to manage the survey data collected for data analysis purposes. This study has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN126210 0 0683831) METHODS: Using a three-stage process of concept identification, item construction and pilot testing to develop the Catheter Assessment, Management and Performance (CAMP) scale, followed by factorial and discriminant validity and reliability testing. This 23-item CAMP scale is theoretically informed by the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour) model, recognised for its effectiveness in understanding and influencing behaviour change. The scale was distributed to nurses working in three community health care settings to assess their knowledge, attitude and behaviour regarding catheter management and performance.
Results: Four factors were identified using scree plot, accounting for 63.36 % of total explained variance, which reflected the four dimensions of the COM-B model. Cronbach's alpha of the overall CAMP scale (0.93) and subscales (0.92, 0.87, 0.85 and 0.86) indicate good internal consistencies. The CAMP scale was able to detect changes in nurses' self-reported behaviour change following educational intervention (85.53 versus 95.98, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The CAMP scale is valid and reliable scale, capable of assessing nurses' capability, opportunity and motivation to support patients, through delivery of catheter self-management education that can potentially prevent catheter-related complications and avoid hospital presentations. Future research could explore using CAMP scale among non-specialist nurses and in various clinical settings to enhance its effectiveness and generalisability.
Joby Alex,1 Lucie M Ramjan,2 Caleb Ferguson,3 Michelle Louise Fishburn,4 Jed Montayre,5 Yenna Salamonson6
- Mt Druitt Community Health Centre, Integrated & Community Health, Western Sydney Local Health District, Cnr Buran & Kelly Cl, Mount Druitt, NSW 2770, Australia.; School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Australia. Electronic address: .
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797 Penrith NSW 2751, Australia.; School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Australia. Electronic address: .
- Centre for Chronic & Complex Care Research, Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Australia; School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Australia. Electronic address: .
- The Hills Community Health Centre, Westmead, Auburn Chronic & Complex Nursing, Integrated & Community Health Directorate, Western Sydney Local Health District, Australia. Electronic address: .
- Centre of Evidence-based Practice for Health Care Policy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR.; School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Australia. Electronic address: .
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Australia; Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool NSW 2170, Australia. Electronic address: .